Nroutes of drug administration pharmacology pdf

Pressure on the nozzle allows a fine jet of solution to emerge with great force. Principles of drug administration to provide safe drug administration, the nurse should practice the rights of drug administration. Intravitreal intravitreal is a route of administration of a drug or other substance, in which the substance is delivered into the eye. Some type of drug cannot be administered by specific route but other can be given by same. Pravin prasad 2nd year resident, md clinical pharmacology maharajgunj medical campus 18th december, 2016 3rd poush, 2073, sunday 2. This can be a real problem in handling toxic materials in the laboratory or pharmacy. Routes of administration of a drug are determined by its physical and chemical properties, patient characteristics and the rapidity of response desired. Systemic routes drugs administered by this route enter blood and produce systemic effects. In the case of intravenous administration, the entire dose of the drug is available to move to the sites of drug action. Enteral routes it includes oral, sublingual and rectal routes. Drug and patientrelated factors determine the selection of routes for drug administration. Route of administration plays a significant role in the incidence of hypersensitivity as iv administration causes a significant number of hypersensitive responses 643% whereas im or subcutaneous routes cause far lower incidences 614%. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Nurses knowledge of pharmacology behind drugs they commonly administer article pdf available in journal of clinical nursing 184.

Introduction to pharmacology, and routes of drugs administration. Routes of drug administration1 free download as powerpoint presentation. Route of administration an overview sciencedirect topics. Routes of drug administration pharmacology 3571 with. Dosage form design may also be used modify the rate of absorption. Routes of drug administration ppt pdf 10 routes of drug. Generally routes of drug administration refer to the right path or the required route through which a drug has to be administered into the body to obtain maximum benefit. Routes of drug administration 1st edition elsevier. Introduction to pharmacology, and routes of drugs administration and absorption. This can also be a serious problem with garden chemicals. Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery.

Routes of administration and dosage forms pharmacology. The rate of absorption can vary markedly, depending on the physical characteristics of the drug lipid soluble and skin at the site of application. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is. The path taken by the drug to get into the body is known as the route of drug administration. Biotransformation chemical changes that occur in the drug following administration metabolite altered version of the chemical compound can have a higher or lower rate of activity than the original drug. Desmopressin is administered intranasally in the treatment of diabetes insipidus. Routes of administration the route of has a significant effect to the pharmacology of drug. Pdf nurses knowledge of pharmacology behind drugs they. The oral route of administration is the safest, most economical and the most convenient way of giving medicines. The effects of a medicine or drug are influenced by the method that the drug enters the body, and often a given drug may be available in different forms or preparations. Not only is the iv route inconvenient for the patient and practitioner, but it carries the greatest risk of any route of drug administration. When the systemic absorption of a drug is desired, medications are usually administered by.

Pharmacology article pdf available in nursing standard. Extrapolation of mdma findings from animals to humans requires assessment of pharmacokinetics in various species, and lowdose administration data from rats are lacking. This route of administration achieves systemic effects by application of drugs to the skin, usually via a transdermal medicated adhesive patch. Drugs are introduced into the body by several routes. The central goal of nursing pharmacology is to enable nurses to provide medications to patients safely and appropriately using the route best suited for the administration. Advantages of rectalurethralvaginal route are as follows. Pharmacokinetics is the branch of pharmacology that deals with what happens to a drug when it is administered or ingested. Based on animal data, there is speculation that 3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine mdma is neurotoxic to humans. If the patient is unconscious then it is not possible to give the drug orally. Purchase routes of drug administration 1st edition. Oral route is the most common route of drug administration. This route is called urethral route of drug administration. Pharmd, mas, bcpsid, fidsa, fccp, fcshp, skaggs school of pharmacy and pharmaceutical. Regarding termination of drug action a drug must be exerted from the body to.

Selecting a right route of drug administration by a physician improves patients health. Routes of drug administration rectal pr drugs given by the rectal route a most commonly given as suppository or enema. The route of administration is determined primarily by the properties of the drug for example, water or lipid solubility, ionization and by the therapeutic objectives for example, the desirability. Drugs applied to the skin are usually used for their local effects and thus are most commonly used to treat superficial skin disorders, such as psoriasis, eczema, skin infections viral, bacterial, and fungal, itching, and dry skin. Jun 10, 2015 most of the drugs can be administered by variety of routes. Bypass liver some but not all of the veins draining the rectum lead directly to the general circulation thus by. It may be in the form of tablets, capsules, syrup, emulsions. Drug administration drugs msd manual consumer version. In many respects the administration of medicines via the iv route is an admission that the use of other routes will not allow for an intended therapeutic outcome or goal of the treatment to be met. Drug administration explore from the msd manuals medical consumer version. This method is needleless and is subcutaneous done by applying pressure over the skin. Injectable preparations are usually sterile solutions or suspensions of drug in water. Sep 14, 2017 this video will help you to understand about basic pharmacology like what is drug what is pharmacokinetics what is pharmacodynamics routes of drug administration. Study 28 routes of drug administration flashcards from chelsea t.

The choice of appropriate route largely depends both on the drug as well as patient related factors. Absorption after oral administration can be quite variable. A drug given parenterally is one given by a route other than the mouth topical dosage forms are considered separately. Intranasal this route involves administration of drugs directly into the nose. Mostly common sense considerations, feasibility and convenience dictate the route to be used. The drug solution is retained under pressure in a container called gun. May 28, 2015 a drug must have certain characteristics that make it appropriate for interacting with a receptor, and each receptor is very specific, only responding to a very specific drug. Routes of administration pharmacology linkedin slideshare. A route of administration in pharmacy is the path by which a drug is taken into the body. Routes of administration and drug response springerlink. Oral route the most common route of drug administration.

Thus, drugs that are artificially delivered to patients must have the following. General pharmacology 2 most of the drugs can be administered by different routes. Administering a drug through the iv route involves the introduction of a drug solution through a needle, directly into a vein. Some drugs given by this route include aspirin, theophylline, chlorpromazine and some barbiturates. Agents include nasal decongestants such as the antiinflammatory corticosteroid. Routes of drug administration oral po oral administration will be covered in more detail in subsequent chapters. Rapid onset of action due to rapid access to circulation. In this administration the drug is administered in the gaseous form.

A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. Introduction a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Depending on the consistency of the inactive substances, the. The route of administration for a drug should be selected to achieve an effective. Dec 21, 2016 routes of drug administration for mbbs 1st year dr. Injection administration of drugs page 5 of 9 march 16, 2020 prior to administering a drug, the process of informed consent shall consist of a discussion between the patient and the pharmacist which includes.

Advantages safe convenient self administered, pain free, noninvasive and easy to take economical compared to other parentral routes usually good absorption takes place along the whole length of the gi tract no need for sterilization. Oral route it is the most common and acceptable route for drug administration. Furthermore, in pharmacology, a drug must also be easily delivered to a patient. Administration of drugs by injection and other routes. Topical administration to mucous membranes or skin. Administration by other routes may result in less availability due to incomplete absorption. In this study, we examine mdma pharmacokinetics in rats given low 2 mgkg and high 10 mgkg doses of. Intradermal or intracutaneous into the dermal layer of the skin. Intravenous usually refers to a way of giving a drug or other substance through a needle or tube inserted into a vein. Bioavailability of drugs administered orally varies greatly.